在日(ri)常(chang)生活中(zhong)，經常(chang)會遇到下(xia)(xia)(xia)水道(dao)(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)堵塞的情況，因此(ci)保持下(xia)(xia)(xia)水道(dao)(dao)(dao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)變得至關重要。管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)維修針對(dui)慢性堵塞問(wen)(wen)題提供了兩種方法：機(ji)械暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法和化學(xue)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法。機(ji)械暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法利(li)用各種工(gong)具(ju)(ju)來暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，常(chang)用的工(gong)具(ju)(ju)包括電動管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)機(ji)、手搖(yao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)、一炮通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和高壓(ya)蕩(dang)滌(di)車。電動管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)機(ji)是專業(ye)的家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)，可(ke)以有效解決(jue)長時間使用導致的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)內壁結垢老化問(wen)(wen)題，也對(dui)水泥沙(sha)子(zi)(zi)引起的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)堵塞具(ju)(ju)有良好效果。其原理是通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過旋轉帶有彎度和彈性的鋼絲將(jiang)堵塞物攪爛、溶解，并將(jiang)堵塞物如布條和頭發(fa)等(deng)取出。這是專業(ye)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水道(dao)(dao)(dao)維修人(ren)員常(chang)用的工(gong)具(ju)(ju)。手搖(yao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器(qi)主要用于(yu)(yu)簡(jian)單的家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水道(dao)(dao)(dao)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，大(da)多(duo)數人(ren)可(ke)以自行操作。一炮通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是一種氣壓(ya)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)，利(li)用高氣壓(ya)原理沖開堵塞的下(xia)(xia)(xia)水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，常(chang)見的皮踹(chuai)子(zi)(zi)也利(li)用這一原理來解決(jue)堵塞問(wen)(wen)題，對(dui)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)馬桶尤為有效。高壓(ya)蕩(dang)滌(di)車利(li)用高壓(ya)水射流（百斤壓(ya)力，可(ke)自由(you)調(diao)節）沖洗管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，是目(mu)前更先(xian) 進的暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)，廣泛應用于(yu)(yu)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、工(gong)業(ye)設(she)備管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)和市政排水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)等(deng)。另外(wai)，化學(xue)暢(chang)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法主要針對(dui)簡(jian)單的家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水道(dao)(dao)(dao)堵塞，可(ke)以采用多(duo)種技(ji)術。